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Mu`awiyah
Mu'awiya I (–April 680) was the founder and first caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate, ruling from 661 until his death. He became caliph less than thirty years after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and immediately after the four Rashidun ('rightly-guided') caliphs. Unlike his predecessors, who had been close, early companions of Muhammad, Mu'awiya was a relatively late follower of Muhammad. Mu'awiya and his father Abu Sufyan had opposed Muhammad, their distant Qurayshite kinsman and later Mu'awiya's brother-in-law, until Muhammad captured Mecca in 630. Afterward, Mu'awiya became one of Muhammad's scribes. He was appointed by Caliph Abu Bakr () as a deputy commander in the conquest of Syria. He moved up the ranks through Umar's caliphate () until becoming governor of Syria during the reign of his Umayyad kinsman, Caliph Uthman (). He allied with the province's powerful Banu Kalb tribe, developed the defenses of its coastal cities, and directed the war effort against t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arab–Sasanian Coinage
Arab–Sasanian coinage is a modern term used to describe Islamic coinage struck in the style of the Sasanian coins, coinage of the Iranian peoples, Iranian Sasanian Empire (224–651) after the Muslim conquest of Persia, on behalf of the Muslim governors of the early Islamic caliphates (7th–8th centuries). These coins, mostly silver dirhams but also copper coins, were struck in the historic Sasanian lands of Iraq and Iran, and continued to show the portrait of a bust of a Sasanian emperor as well as other non-Islamic motifs of Sasanian coins, alongside Arabic inscriptions. See also * Indo-Sasanian coinage * Sasanian coinage of Sindh References Literature * * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Arab-Sasanian coinage Rashidun Caliphate Numismatics Government of the Sasanian Empire Coins of the medieval Islamic world Government of the Abbasid Caliphate Government of the Umayyad Caliphate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
